Collagen is a protein found in the connective tissues of animals, including humans. It is composed of three chains of amino acids that are wound together to form a triple helix structure. This structure gives collagen its strength and resilience, making it an essential component of the body's connective tissues. Collagen is also found in certain eating plans, such as the paleo diet.
Gelatin is a form of collagen that is made by boiling bones, cartilage, and animal skin for several hours and then allowing the liquid to cool and set. This rupture of connective tissues produces gelatin. Collagen supplements are made from hydrolyzed collagen peptides, which are broken down into amino acid peptides to improve its bioavailability and absorption. Collagen in the body is produced through a process known as collagen synthesis.
Glycine is the main amino acid involved in this process, constituting approximately 35% of the body's collagen. Health professionals also use collagen and collagen-based materials in the medical field, including in the treatment of diabetic wounds, burns and ulcers. Collagen has been successful in treating wounds for more than 2,000 years. A study published in BioMedical Engineering OnLine found that those who took 5 grams of collagen peptides per day for 1 year had significant increases in bone mineral density (BMD) in the spine and femur compared to participants who took a placebo.
Collagen production peaks between the ages of 20 and 20, but after that peak, it falls at a rate of around 1% per year. Excessive sun exposure also degrades collagen production, so using sunscreen and avoiding excessive sun exposure can help prevent signs of premature skin aging. In addition to food and supplements, there are a number of topical skin care treatments that can help increase collagen production in the dermis. A diet that supports collagen should include protein-rich foods, as well as fruits and vegetables, which are rich in vitamin C and other antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds.
